Products related to Rates:
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Analysis of Incidence Rates
Incidence rates are counts divided by person-time; mortality rates are a well-known example.Analysis of Incidence Rates offers a detailed discussion of the practical aspects of analyzing incidence rates.Important pitfalls and areas of controversy are discussed.The text is aimed at graduate students, researchers, and analysts in the disciplines of epidemiology, biostatistics, social sciences, economics, and psychology. Features: Compares and contrasts incidence rates with risks, odds, and hazards. Shows stratified methods, including standardization, inverse-variance weighting, and Mantel-Haenszel methods Describes Poisson regression methods for adjusted rate ratios and rate differences. Examines linear regression for rate differences with an emphasis on common problems. Gives methods for correcting confidence intervals. Illustrates problems related to collapsibility. Explores extensions of count models for rates, including negative binomial regression, methods for clustered data, and the analysis of longitudinal data.Also, reviews controversies and limitations. Presents matched cohort methods in detail. Gives marginal methods for converting adjusted rate ratios to rate differences, and vice versa. Demonstrates instrumental variable methods. Compares Poisson regression with the Cox proportional hazards model.Also, introduces Royston-Parmar models. All data and analyses are in online Stata files which readers can download. Peter Cummings is Professor Emeritus, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle WA.His research was primarily in the field of injuries.He used matched cohort methods to estimate how the use of seat belts and presence of airbags were related to death in a traffic crash.He is author or co-author of over 100 peer-reviewed articles.
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How Low Interest Rates Change the World : Global Trends Caused by Low Rates and Emerging Factors Shaping the Future of Rates
How Low Interest Rates Change the World explores the societal impact of changing interest rates.Taking its starting point in the remarkable four-decade decline in global interest rates from 1980 to 2020, the book examines five global trends it caused, the underlying factors that drove interest rates lower, and emerging trends likely to shape the future path of interest rates. The book contends that the steady decline in interest rates around the world from 1980 to 2020 played a pivotal role in shaping five significant global trends during the same period: soaring debt levels, escalating housing prices, surging stock markets, widening economic inequality, and increased financial risk-taking. The book also explores emerging factors likely to shape the future trajectory of interest rates.While demographic trends may keep rates low, other forces, such as rising public debt, can push them higher.The book offers its perspective on the interaction of these opposing trends, and presents its view on the future evolution of interest rates.How Low Interest Rates Change the World is a no-nonsense fact-based book written in plain language.A key feature of the book is its empirical approach and reliance on data.Figures and tables richly illustrate and support the arguments presented, thereby inviting a broad audience to follow its fascinating journey into the evolution of interest rates and their impact.
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Exchange Rates and International Finance
Acclaimed for its clarity, Exchange Rates and International Finance provides an approachable guide to the causes and consequences of exchange rate fluctuations, enabling you to grasp the essentials of the theory and its relevance to these major events in currency markets. The orientation of the book remains towards exchange rate determination, with particular emphasis given to the contributions of modern finance theory. This sixth edition of this established text addresses the impact of the global financial crisis.
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A History of Interest Rates
A History of Interest Rates presents a very readable account of interest rate trends and lending practices over four millennia of economic history.Despite the paucity of data prior to the Industrial Revolution, authors Homer and Sylla provide a highly detailed analysis of money markets and borrowing practices in major economies.Underlying the analysis is their assertion that "the free market long-term rates of interest for any industrial nation, properly charted, provide a sort of fever chart of the economic and political health of that nation." Given the enormous volatility of rates in the 20th century, this implies we're living in age of political and economic excesses that are reflected in massive interest rate swings.Gain more insight into this assertion by ordering a copy of this book today.
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Why are interest rates and inflation rates not direct economic indicators?
Interest rates and inflation rates are not direct economic indicators because they are not measures of actual economic activity. Instead, they are tools used by central banks to influence economic conditions. Interest rates are set by central banks to control the cost of borrowing and spending in the economy, while inflation rates measure the rate of change in the general price level of goods and services. While these factors are important in understanding the overall health of an economy, they are not direct measures of economic output or productivity. Instead, they are used as policy tools to manage economic conditions.
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What are birth rates?
Birth rates refer to the number of live births per 1,000 people in a given population over a specific period of time, usually one year. It is a key demographic indicator that helps to understand population growth and changes. Birth rates can be influenced by various factors such as social, economic, and cultural factors, as well as government policies and healthcare access. Monitoring birth rates is important for understanding population trends and planning for future social and economic needs.
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What are interest rates?
Interest rates are the cost of borrowing money, typically expressed as a percentage. They represent the amount charged by a lender to a borrower for the use of their money. Interest rates can vary based on factors such as the borrower's creditworthiness, the type of loan, and prevailing market conditions. Higher interest rates generally indicate greater risk for the lender and can impact the overall cost of borrowing for individuals and businesses.
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Are interest rates immoral?
Interest rates themselves are not inherently immoral, as they serve as a mechanism for lenders to earn a return on their investment and for borrowers to access capital. However, the morality of interest rates can be called into question when they are excessively high and exploit vulnerable individuals or communities. It is important for interest rates to be fair and transparent, and for lenders to consider the ethical implications of their lending practices. Ultimately, the morality of interest rates depends on how they are used and the impact they have on borrowers and society as a whole.
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Fiscal Policy under Low Interest Rates
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Monetary Policy after the Great Recession : The Role of Interest Rates
Walter Bagehot noticed once that “John Bull can stand many things, but he cannot stand two per cent.” Well, for several years, he has had to stand interest rates well below that, in some countries even below zero.However, despite this sacrifice, the economic recovery from the Great Recession has been disappointingly weak.This book’s aim is to answer this question. The central thesis of the book is that the standard understanding of the monetary transmission mechanism is flawed.That understanding adopts erroneous assumptions—such as, that low interest rates always stimulate economic growth by boosting the credit supply, investment, and consumption—and does not fully take into account several unintended channels of monetary policy, such as risk-taking, high level of debt, or zombification of the economy.In other words, the effectiveness of monetary policy is limited during economic downturns accompanied by the debt overhang and the balance sheet recession, and generates negative effects, which can make the policy counterproductive.The author provides a thorough analysis of the issues related to the interest rates in the conduct of monetary policy, such as the risk-taking channel of monetary policy, the portfolio-balance channel and the wealth effect, zombie firms in the economy, the misallocation of resources, as well as the neutral interest rate targeting and the difference between the neutral and natural interest rate and the negative interest rate policy. The book is written in an accessible and engaging manner and will be a valuable resource for scholars of monetary economics as well as readers interested in (unconventional) monetary policy.
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Not Only Interest Rates Are Going Up This Valentines Day Card, Multi
Your Card Was Designed By Kasia cards. Print Ready Cards. Discover our A5 Greeting Cards - true works of art for any occasion. These print-ready cards feature artist-crafted designs and provide ample space for your custom message. Printed on high-quality cardstock, they serve as keepsakes and come with matching envelopes for added elegance. Send your best wishes or share beauty with our artist-crafted cards. Explore our collection today and let artistry and craftsmanship do the talking. Perfect for any occasion, they embody the timeless art of communication.
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Spon's Estimating Costs Guide to Electrical Works : Unit Rates and Project Costs
All the cost data you need to keep your estimating accurate, competitive and profitable. Do you work on jobs between £50 and £50,000? Then this book is for you. Specially written for contractors and small businesses carrying out small works, Spon's Estimating Cost Guide to Electrical Works provides accurate information on thousands of rates, each broken down to labour, material overheads and profit for residential, retail and light industrial premises.It is the first book to include typical project costs for new installations, stripping out, rewiring and upgrading for flats and houses. In addition, vital information and advice is given on setting up and running a business, employing staff, tax, VAT and CIS4s. For the cost of approximately two hours of your charge-out rate (or less), this book will help you to:produce estimates fasterkeep your estimates accurate and competitiverun your business more effectivelysave time.
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What are mortality rates?
Mortality rates refer to the number of deaths within a specific population over a defined period of time, usually expressed as a rate per 1,000 or 100,000 people. These rates are used to measure the frequency of deaths within a population and can provide important insights into the overall health and well-being of a community. Mortality rates are often used in public health research and policy-making to assess the impact of diseases, injuries, and other health-related factors on a population.
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How do interest rates work?
Interest rates represent the cost of borrowing money or the return on investment. When you borrow money, you pay interest to the lender as compensation for using their funds. The interest rate is typically expressed as a percentage of the total amount borrowed. Higher interest rates mean higher borrowing costs, while lower interest rates make borrowing more affordable. Interest rates are influenced by various factors, including inflation, economic conditions, and central bank policies.
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What are the murder rates?
The murder rates vary widely by country and region. In some countries, the murder rate is very low, while in others it is much higher. Factors such as socioeconomic conditions, access to firearms, and the effectiveness of law enforcement can all contribute to differences in murder rates. It is important to consider these factors when comparing murder rates between different countries and regions.
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Flexible exchange rates or fixed?
The choice between flexible exchange rates and fixed exchange rates depends on a country's specific economic circumstances and policy objectives. Flexible exchange rates allow for automatic adjustments to external shocks and can help maintain competitiveness, but they may also lead to exchange rate volatility. On the other hand, fixed exchange rates provide stability and predictability for international trade and investment, but they require a commitment to maintaining the exchange rate peg and may limit a country's ability to pursue independent monetary policy. Ultimately, the choice between flexible and fixed exchange rates should be based on a careful consideration of the trade-offs and the specific needs of the economy.
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